|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Background: Following its heyday as a world power during the 15th and 16th centuries, Portugal lost much of its wealth and status with the destruction of Lisbon in a 1755 earthquake, occupation during the Napoleonic Wars, and the independence in 1822 of Brazil as a colony. A 1910 revolution deposed the monarchy; for most of the next six decades, repressive governments ran the country. In 1974, a left-wing military coup installed broad democratic reforms. The following year, Portugal granted independence to all of its African colonies. Portugal is a founding member of NATO and entered the EC (now the EU) in 1986.
|
|
|
|
Common Name: Portugal
|
Local Official Name: Portugal
|
|
Abbreviated Name: Portuguese Republic
|
Official Name: Republica Portuguesa
|
|
Official Script Name: Portugal
|
Local Common Name: Portugal
|
|
Former Name: Portugal
|
Territory of: NA
|
|
|
Head of State: President Anibal CAVACO Silva
|
Government Type: parliamentary democracy
|
Independence: 1143 (Kingdom of Portugal recognized); 5 October 1910 (independent republic proclaimed)
|
Constitution: 25 April 1976; revised many times
|
National Holiday: Portugal Day, 10 June
|
International Organization Participation: AfDB, AsDB, Australia Group, BIS, CE, CERN, EAPC, EBRD, EIB, EMU, ESA, EU, FAO, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITU, LAIA (observer), MIGA, NAM (guest), NATO, NEA, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, ONUB, OPCW, OSCE, PCA, SECI (observer), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UPU, WCL, WCO, WEU, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTO, ZC
|
Administrative Divisions: 18 districts (distritos, singular - distrito) and 2 autonomous regions* (regioes autonomas, singular - regiao autonoma); Aveiro, Acores (Azores)*, Beja, Braga, Braganca, Castelo Branco, Coimbra, Evora, Faro, Guarda, Leiria, Lisboa, Madeira*, Portalegre, Porto, Santarem, Setubal, Viana do Castelo, Vila Real, Viseu
|
Dependent Areas: NA
|
Legal System: civil law system; the Constitutional Tribunal reviews the constitutionality of legislation; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations
|
Suffrage: 18 years
|
Executive, Legislative and Judicial Branches: Executive Branch:
chief of state: President Anibal CAVACO Silva (since 9 March 2006)
head of government: Prime Minister Jose SOCRATES (since 12 March 2005)
cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister
note: there is also a Council of State that acts as a consultative body to the president
elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held 22 January 2006 (next to be held January 2011); following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or leader of a majority coalition is usually appointed prime minister by the president
election results: Anibal CAVACO Silva elected president; percent of vote - Anibal CAVACO Silva 50.6%, Manuel ALEGRE 20.7%, Mario SOARES 14.3%, Jeronimo de SOUSA 8.5%, Franciso LOUCA 5.3%
Legislative Branch:
unicameral Assembly of the Republic or Assembleia da Republica (230 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms)
elections: last held 20 February 2005 (next to be held February 2009)
election results: percent of vote by party - PS 45.1%, PSD 28.7%, CDU 7.6%, PP 7.3%, BE 6.4%; seats by party - PS 121, PSD 75, CDU 14, PP 12, BE 8
Judicial Branch:
Supreme Court or Supremo Tribunal de Justica (judges appointed for life by the Conselho Superior da Magistratura)
|
Party Leaders: Green Ecologist Party or PEV [Heloisa APOLONIA]; Popular Party or PP [Jose Ribeiro e CASTRO]; Portuguese Communist Party or PCP [Jeronimo de SOUSA]; Portuguese Socialist Party or PS [Jose SOCRATES Carvalho Pinto de Sousa]; Social Democratic Party or PSD [Luis Marques MENDES]; The Left Bloc or BE [Franciso Anacleto LOUCA]; Unitarian Democratic Coalition or CDU (includes PEV and PCP) [Jeronimo de SOUSA]
|
International Disputes: Portugal does not recognize Spanish sovereignty over the territory of Olivenza based on a difference of interpretation of the 1815 Congress of Vienna and the 1801 Treaty of Badajoz
|
Illicit Drugs: gateway country for Latin American cocaine and Southwest Asian heroin entering the European market (especially from Brazil); transshipment point for hashish from North Africa to Europe; consumer of Southwest Asian heroin
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Location of Portugal: Southwestern Europe, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, west of Spain
|
|
Continent: Europe
|
Land Area Total: 92,391 sq km
|
|
Region: Western Europe |
Land Area Land: 91,951 sq km
|
|
Capitol City: Lisbon
|
Land Area Water: 440 sq km
|
|
Current: 0
|
|
|
|
|
Latitude: 039 30 N
|
Border Boundary Land: 1,214 km
|
|
Longitude: 008 00 W
|
Border Boundary Coastline: 1,793 km
|
|
|
|
Arable Land: 17.29 %
|
Pastures: 0.00 %
|
|
Crops: 7.84 %
|
Woodlands and Forests: 0.00
|
|
|
|
Highest Elevation: 2,351 m
|
Location: Ponta do Pico (Pico or Pico Alto) on Ilha do Pico in the Azores
|
|
Lowest Elevation: 0 m
|
Location: Atlantic Ocean
|
|
|
|
Largest City in Portugal: Lisbon
|
Lisbon Largest City Population: 3,754,000
|
|
|
Threatened Species: 131
|
Environmental Issues: soil erosion; air pollution caused by industrial and vehicle emissions; water pollution, especially in coastal areas
|
Environmental Agreements: party to: Air Pollution, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands
signed, but not ratified: Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Environmental Modification
|
Irrigated Land: 6,500
|
Bordering Countries: Spain 1,214 km
|
Natural Resources: fish, forests (cork), iron ore, copper, zinc, tin, tungsten, silver, gold, uranium, marble, clay, gypsum, salt, arable land, hydropower
|
Geographical Terrain: mountainous north of the Tagus River, rolling plains in south
|
Comparative Area of Portugal: slightly smaller than Indiana
|
Portugal's Geography: Azores and Madeira Islands occupy strategic locations along western sea approaches to Strait of Gibraltar
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Click Here for detailed information about the weather conditions in Portugal.
|
General Climate: maritime temperate; cool and rainy in north, warmer and drier in south
|
Natural Hazards: Azores subject to severe earthquakes
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Economic Overview: Portugal has become a diversified and increasingly service-based economy since joining the European Community in 1986. Over the past decade, successive governments have privatized many state-controlled firms and liberalized key areas of the economy, including the financial and telecommunications sectors. The country qualified for the European Monetary Union (EMU) in 1998 and began circulating the euro on 1 January 2002 along with 11 other EU member economies. Economic growth had been above the EU average for much of the past decade, but fell back in 2001-05. GDP per capita stands at two-thirds that of the Big Four EU economies. A poor educational system, in particular, has been an obstacle to greater productivity and growth. Portugal has been increasingly overshadowed by lower-cost producers in Central Europe and Asia as a target for foreign direct investment. The government faces tough choices in its attempts to boost Portugal's economic competitiveness while keeping the budget deficit within the eurozone's 3%-of-GDP ceiling.
|
|
|
|
GDP: $200,600,000,000 USD
|
Currency: euro
|
|
GDP per Capita: $19,000 USD
|
Currency Code: EUR
|
|
GDP Growth Rate: 0.40 %
|
One $USD Equals: %fincurrencyequals% EUR
|
|
|
Currency Exchange Rate History: euros per US dollar - 0.8041 (2005), 0.8054 (2004), 0.886 (2003), 1.0626 (2002), 1.1175 (2001)
|
|
|
|
GDP of Agriculture: 5.30 %
|
GDP of Industry: 27.40 %
|
|
GDP of Services: 67.30 % |
|
|
|
|
Inflation Rate: 2.30 % |
Population in Poverty: 0.00 %
|
|
Unemployment Rate: 7.60 %
|
Tourism: 11,632,000.00 visitors each year
|
|
|
|
Consumption by lowest 10%: 3.10 %
|
Budget Revenue in USD: $78,840,000,000 USD
|
|
Consumption by upper 10%: 28.40 %
|
Budget Expenditures in USD: $90,270,000,000 USD
|
|
|
|
Electricity Production: 44,320,000,000 kWh
|
Electricity Exports: 3,100,000,000 kWh
|
|
Electricity Consumption: 44,010,000,000 kWh
|
Electricity Imports: 5,900,000,000 kWh
|
Electricity Production by Source:
|
|
|
Fossil Fuel Electricity Production: 70.03%
|
Nuclear Electricity Production: 0.00%
|
|
Hydro Electricity Production: 25.91%
|
Other Electricity Production: 4.06%
|
|
|
|
Oil Production: 0 barrels per day
|
Natural Gas Production: 0 cu m
|
|
Oil Consumption: 326,500 barrels per day
|
Natural Gas Consumption: 2,983,000,000 cu m
|
|
Oil Exports: 28,830 barrels per day
|
Natural Gas Exports: 0 cu m
|
|
Oil Imports: 357,300 barrels per day
|
Natural Gas Imports: 2,553,000,000 cu m
|
|
Proven Oil Reserves: 0 barrels
|
Proven Natural Gas Reserves: 0 cu m
|
|
|
|
External Debt: $287,800,000,000 USD |
Received in economic aid: $0 USD
|
|
|
Donated in economic aid: $271,000,000 USD
|
|
|
Agricultural Products: grain, potatoes, tomatoes, olives, grapes; sheep, cattle, goats, swine, poultry, dairy products; fish
|
Primary Industries: textiles and footwear; wood pulp, paper, and cork; metals and metalworking; oil refining; chemicals; fish canning; rubber and plastic products; ceramics; electronics and communications equipment; rail transportation equipment; aerospace equipment; ship co
|
Industrial Growth Rate: 0.00 %
|
|
|
Import Amount in USD: $60,350,000,000 USD - machinery and transport equipment, chemicals, petroleum, textiles, agricultural products
|
Import Partners: Spain 29%, Germany 13.4%, France 8.5%, Italy 5.2%, Netherlands 4.3%, UK 4.2%
|
Export Amount in USD: $38,800,000,000 USD - clothing and footwear, machinery, chemicals, cork and paper products, hides
|
Export Partners: Spain 25.9%, France 13.1%, Germany 11.9%, UK 8%, US 5.4%, Italy 4.3%
|
|
|
GINI Index: 38.50%
|
Labor Force Number of People: 5
|
Labor Force by Occupations: services 60%, industry 30%, agriculture 10%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Radio Broadcast Stations: 221 |
Number of People with Radios: 3,020,000 |
|
Television Broadcast Stations: 62 |
Number of People with Televisions: 3,310,000 |
|
Number of People with Mainline Telephones: 4,234,000 |
Number of People with Mobile Phones: 11,448,000 |
|
|
|
Internet Service Providers: 845,980 |
Internet Users: 7,782,700 |
|
|
|
Internet Country Code: .pt |
Newspapers: 32 |
|
Two Letter Country Code: PO |
Weights and Measures: |
|
Phone Country Code: 351 |
Electricity Voltage: 230 Volts |
|
|
Telephone Systems: general assessment: Portugal's telephone system has achieved a state-of-the-art network with broadband, high-speed capabilities and a main line telephone density of 53%
domestic: integrated network of coaxial cables, open-wire, microwave radio relay, and domestic satellite earth stations
international: country code - 351; 6 submarine cables; satellite earth stations - 3 Intelsat (2 Atlantic Ocean and 1 Indian Ocean), NA Eutelsat; tropospheric scatter to Azores; note - an earth station for Inmarsat (Atlantic Ocean region) is planned
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Highways: 62,436 km |
Railways: 2,850 km
|
|
Gas And Oil Pipelines: 1,281 km |
Waterways: 210 km
|
|
Airports: 43 |
Heliports: 0
|
|
|
|
Motor Vehicles: 662 per 1,000 people |
CO2 Emissions: 53,891,000 Metric Tons of CO2 per year |
|
|
Per capita CO2 emissions: 5.00 Metric Tons of CO2 per year |
|
|
Merchant Marines: total: 111 ships (1000 GRT or over) 1,077,300 GRT/1,363,435 DWT
by type: bulk carrier 11, cargo 27, chemical tanker 15, container 7, liquefied gas 11, passenger 9, passenger/cargo 10, petroleum tanker 8, roll on/roll off 4, vehicle carrier 9
foreign-owned: 82 (Australia 1, Belgium 8, Cyprus 1, Denmark 4, Germany 17, Greece 4, Italy 12, Japan 9, Malta 1, Mexico 1, Netherlands 1, Norway 4, Spain 15, Switzerland 3, US 1)
registered in other countries: 16 (Cyprus 2, Hong Kong 1, Malta 3, Panama 10)
|
Ports and Harbors: Leixoes, Lisbon, Setubal, Sines
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Population: 10,605,870 people type - nationality |
Birth Rate: 10.72 births per 1,000 people |
|
Population Density: 109.00 people per sq km |
Death Rate: 10.50 deaths per 1,000 people |
|
Population Growth: 0.36% per year |
Fertility Rate per Women: 1.47 babies born per woman |
|
|
|
Population Male 0-14: 915,604 |
Population Female 0-14: 839,004 |
|
Population Male 15-64: 3,484,545 |
Population Female 15-64: 3,544,674 |
|
Population Male 65+: 751,899 |
Population Female 65+: 1,070,144 |
|
|
|
Population 0-14: 16.50% |
Literacy Rate: 93.30% |
|
Population 15-64: 66.30% |
Literacy rate of Males: 95.50% |
|
Population 65+: 17.20% |
Literacy rate of Females: 91.30% |
|
|
|
Population that is Male: 47.50
% |
Population that is Female: 52.50% |
|
Life expectancy at birth in years: 77.70 years |
Infant mortality rate - baby deaths per 1000 births: 4.98 Babies die per 1,000 births |
|
Life expectancy at birth for Males: 74.43 years |
Life expectancy at birth for Females: 81.20 years |
|
|
|
Rate of AIDS/HIV infection: 0.40%
|
Number of people living with AIDS or HIV: 22,000
|
|
|
Number of people who died of AIDS: 0 |
|
|
Disease Risk:
|
Diseases:
|
Net Migration Rate per 1,000 people: 3.40
|
Nationality: PORTUGUESE
|
Ethnic Groups: homogeneous Mediterranean stock; citizens of black African descent who immigrated to mainland during decolonization number less than 100,000; since 1990 East Europeans have entered Portugal
|
|
|
Primary Language: Portuguese
|
Other Languages: Portuguese (official), Mirandese (official - but locally used)
|
|
|
Primary Religion: Roman Catholic
|
Other Religions: Roman Catholic 94%, Protestant
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Branches: Army, Navy (Marinha Portuguesa; includes Marine Corps), Air Force (Forca Aerea Portuguesa, FAP), National Republican Guard (Guarda Nacional Republicana)
|
Manpower Fit to Serve: 18 years
|
Manpower Available: 4,840,858 People
|
Manpower Fit to Serve: 21,930,083 People
|
Amount of Manpower Available each Year: 127,815 People per year
|
Expenditures: $0 USD per year
|
Expenditures as a Percentage of GDP: 2.30
|
|
|
|
Note: Phrasebase uses a variety of sources when compiling the facts and information presented above. This information is continually updated throughout the year.
|
|
|
|
|
Portugal Spa and Resort Directory
|
Portugal Home Exchanges and Home Swaps
|
Portugal Vacation Rentals And Holiday Villas
|
Portugal City Information Game Earn Real Money
|
