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Background: A military power during the 17th century, Sweden has not participated in any war in almost two centuries. An armed neutrality was preserved in both World Wars. Sweden's long-successful economic formula of a capitalist system interlarded with substantial welfare elements was challenged in the 1990s by high unemployment and in 2000-02 by the global economic downturn, but fiscal discipline over the past several years has allowed the country to weather economic vagaries. Indecision over the country's role in the political and economic integration of Europe delayed Sweden's entry into the EU until 1995, and waived the introduction of the euro in 1999.
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Common Name: Sweden
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Local Official Name: Sverige
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Abbreviated Name: Kingdom of Sweden
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Official Name: Konungariket Sverige
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Official Script Name: Sweden
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Local Common Name: Sweden
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Former Name: Sweden
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Territory of: NA
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Head of State: King CARL XVI GUSTAF
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Government Type: constitutional monarchy
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Independence: 1523 June 6 (Gustav VASA elected king)
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Constitution: 1975 January 1
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National Holiday: Flag Day, 6 June
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International Organization Participation: AfDB, Arctic Council, AsDB, Australia Group, BIS, CBSS, CE, CERN, EAPC, EBRD, EIB, ESA, EU, FAO, G- 6, G- 9, G-10, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITU, MIGA, MONUC, NAM (guest), NC, NEA, NIB, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OPCW, OSCE, Paris Club, PCA, PFP, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNMEE, UNMIL, UNMIS, UNMOGIP, UNOMIG, UNRWA, UNTSO, UPU, WCO, WEU (observer), WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC
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Administrative Divisions: 21 counties (lan, singular and plural); Blekinge, Dalarnas, Gavleborgs, Gotlands, Hallands, Jamtlands, Jonkopings, Kalmar, Kronobergs, Norrbottens, Orebro, Ostergotlands, Skane, Sodermanlands, Stockholms, Uppsala, Varmlands, Vasterbottens, Vasternorrlands, Vastmanlands, Vastra Gotalands
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Dependent Areas: NA
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Legal System: civil law system influenced by customary law; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations
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Suffrage: 18 years
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Executive, Legislative and Judicial Branches: Executive Branch:
chief of state: King CARL XVI GUSTAF (since 19 September 1973); Heir Apparent Princess VICTORIA Ingrid Alice Desiree, daughter of the monarch (born 14 July 1977)
head of government: Prime Minister Fredrik REINFELDT (since 5 October 2006)
cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the prime minister
elections: the monarchy is hereditary; following legislative elections, the prime minister is elected by the parliament; election last held 17 September 2006 (next to be held in September 2010)
election results: Fredrik REINFELDT elected prime minister with 175 out of 349 votes
Legislative Branch:
unicameral Parliament or Riksdag (349 seats; members are elected by popular vote on a proportional representation basis to serve four-year terms)
elections: last held 17 September 2006 (next to be held September 2010)
election results: percent of vote by party - Social Democrats 37.2%, Moderates 27.8%, Center Party 8.3%, People's Party 8.0%, Christian Democrats 6.9%, Left Party 6.3%, Greens 5.4%; seats by party - Social Democrats 130, Moderates 97, Center Party 29, People's Party 28, Christian Democrats 24, Left Party 22, Greens 19
Judicial Branch:
Supreme Court or Hogsta Domstolen (judges are appointed by the prime minister and the cabinet)
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Party Leaders: Center Party [Maud OLOFSSON]; Christian Democratic Party [Goran HAGGLUND]; Environment Party the Greens [no formal leader but party spokespersons are Maria WETTERSTRAND and Peter ERIKSSON]; Left Party or V (formerly Communist) [Lars OHLY]; Moderate Party (conservative) [Fredrik REINFELDT]; People's Party [Lars LEIJONBORG]; Social Democratic Party [Goran PERSSON]
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International Disputes: NA
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Illicit Drugs: NA
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Location of Sweden: Northern Europe, bordering the Baltic Sea, Gulf of Bothnia, Kattegat, and Skagerrak, between Finland and Norway
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Continent: Europe
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Land Area Total: 449,964 sq km
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Region: Scandanavian |
Land Area Land: 410,934 sq km
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Capitol City: Stockholm
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Land Area Water: 39,030 sq km
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Latitude: 062 00 N
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Border Boundary Land: 2,233 km
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Longitude: 015 00 E
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Border Boundary Coastline: 3,218 km
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Arable Land: 5.93 %
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Pastures: 0.00 %
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Crops: 0.01 %
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Woodlands and Forests: 0.00
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Highest Elevation: 2,111 m
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Location: Kebnekaise
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Lowest Elevation: -2 m
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Location: reclaimed bay of Lake Hammarsjon, near Kristianstad
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Largest City in Sweden: Stockholm
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Stockholm Largest City Population: 1,578,000
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Threatened Species: 30
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Environmental Issues: acid rain damage to soils and lakes; pollution of the North Sea and the Baltic Sea
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Environmental Agreements: party to: Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Air Pollution-Sulfur 85, Air Pollution-Sulfur 94, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic-Marine Living Resources, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands, Whaling
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
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Irrigated Land: 1,150
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Bordering Countries: Finland 614 km, Norway 1,619 km
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Natural Resources: iron ore, copper, lead, zinc, gold, silver, tungsten, uranium, arsenic, feldspar, timber, hydropower
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Geographical Terrain: mostly flat or gently rolling lowlands; mountains in west
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Comparative Area of Sweden: slightly larger than California
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Sweden's Geography: strategic location along Danish Straits linking Baltic and North Seas
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General Climate: temperate in south with cold, cloudy winters and cool, partly cloudy summers; subarctic in north
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Natural Hazards: ice floes in the surrounding waters, especially in the Gulf of Bothnia, can interfere with maritime traffic
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Economic Overview: Aided by peace and neutrality for the whole of the 20th century, Sweden has achieved an enviable standard of living under a mixed system of high-tech capitalism and extensive welfare benefits. It has a modern distribution system, excellent internal and external communications, and a skilled labor force. Timber, hydropower, and iron ore constitute the resource base of an economy heavily oriented toward foreign trade. Privately owned firms account for about 90% of industrial output, of which the engineering sector accounts for 50% of output and exports. Agriculture accounts for only 2% of GDP and of jobs. The government's commitment to fiscal discipline resulted in a substantial budgetary surplus in 2001, which was cut by more than half in 2002, due to the global economic slowdown, declining revenue, and increased spending. The Swedish central bank (the Riksbank) focuses on price stability with its inflation target of 2%. Growth remained sluggish in 2003, but picked up in 2004 and 2005. Presumably because of generous sick-leave benefits, Swedish workers report in sick more often than other Europeans. In September 2003, Swedish voters turned down entry into the euro system, concerned about the impact on democracy and sovereignty.
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GDP: $268,300,000,000 USD
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Currency: Swedish krona
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GDP per Capita: $29,800 USD
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Currency Code: SEK
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GDP Growth Rate: 2.70 %
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Currency Exchange Rate History: Swedish kronor per US dollar - 7.4731 (2005), 7.3489 (2004), 8.0863 (2003), 9.7371 (2002), 10.3291 (2001)
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GDP of Agriculture: 1.10 %
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GDP of Industry: 28.20 %
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GDP of Services: 70.70 % |
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Inflation Rate: 0.50 % |
Population in Poverty: 0.00 %
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Unemployment Rate: 5.80 %
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Tourism: 2,595,000.00 visitors each year
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Consumption by lowest 10%: 3.70 %
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Budget Revenue in USD: $210,500,000,000 USD
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Consumption by upper 10%: 20.10 %
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Budget Expenditures in USD: $205,900,000,000 USD
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Electricity Production: 127,900,000,000 kWh
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Electricity Exports: 11,500,000,000 kWh
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Electricity Consumption: 131,800,000,000 kWh
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Electricity Imports: 24,300,000,000 kWh
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Electricity Production by Source:
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Fossil Fuel Electricity Production: 6.06%
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Nuclear Electricity Production: 37.41%
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Hydro Electricity Production: 53.81%
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Other Electricity Production: 2.72%
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Oil Production: 2,441 barrels per day
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Natural Gas Production: 0 cu m
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Oil Consumption: 346,100 barrels per day
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Natural Gas Consumption: 980,000,000 cu m
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Oil Exports: 203,700 barrels per day
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Natural Gas Exports: 0 cu m
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Oil Imports: 553,100 barrels per day
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Natural Gas Imports: 968,000,000 cu m
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Proven Oil Reserves: 0 barrels
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Proven Natural Gas Reserves: 0 cu m
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External Debt: $516,100,000,000 USD |
Received in economic aid: $0 USD
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Donated in economic aid: $1,700,000,000 USD
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Agricultural Products: barley, wheat, sugar beets; meat, milk
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Primary Industries: iron and steel, precision equipment (bearings, radio and telephone parts, armaments), wood pulp and paper products, processed foods, motor vehicles
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Industrial Growth Rate: 1.60 %
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Import Amount in USD: $104,400,000,000 USD - machinery, petroleum and petroleum products, chemicals, motor vehicles, iron and steel; foodstuffs, clothing
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Import Partners: Germany 17.5%, Denmark 8.9%, Norway 7.8%, UK 6.6%, Netherlands 6.2%, Finland 5.8%, France 5%
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Export Amount in USD: $126,600,000,000 USD - machinery 35%, motor vehicles, paper products, pulp and wood, iron and steel products, chemicals
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Export Partners: US 10.6%, Germany 10.2%, Norway 8.7%, UK 7.3%, Denmark 6.5%, Finland 5.7%, France 4.9%, Netherlands 4.5%, Belgium 4.3%
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GINI Index: 25.00%
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Labor Force Number of People: 4,490,000
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Labor Force by Occupations: agriculture 2%, industry 24%, services 74%
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Radio Broadcast Stations: 267 |
Number of People with Radios: 8,250,000 |
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Television Broadcast Stations: 169 |
Number of People with Televisions: 4,600,000 |
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Number of People with Mainline Telephones: 6,447,000 |
Number of People with Mobile Phones: 8,436,000 |
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Internet Service Providers: 2,701,456 |
Internet Users: 6,800,000 |
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Internet Country Code: .se |
Newspapers: 410 |
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Two Letter Country Code: SW |
Weights and Measures: |
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Phone Country Code: 46 |
Electricity Voltage: 230 Volts |
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Telephone Systems: general assessment: excellent domestic and international facilities; automatic system
domestic: coaxial and multiconductor cables carry most of the voice traffic; parallel microwave radio relay systems carry some additional telephone channels
international: country code - 46; 5 submarine coaxial cables; satellite earth stations - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean), 1 Eutelsat, and 1 Inmarsat (Atlantic and Indian Ocean regions); note - Sweden shares the Inmarsat earth station with the other Nordic countries (Denmark, Finland, Iceland, and Norway)
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Highways: 132,339 km |
Railways: 11,481 km
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Gas And Oil Pipelines: 798 km |
Waterways: 2,052 km
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Airports: 155 |
Heliports: 2
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Motor Vehicles: 479 per 1,000 people |
CO2 Emissions: 56,953,000 Metric Tons of CO2 per year |
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Per capita CO2 emissions: 5.40 Metric Tons of CO2 per year |
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Merchant Marines: total: 198 ships (1000 GRT or over) 3,703,834 GRT/2,382,754 DWT
by type: bulk carrier 8, cargo 28, chemical tanker 47, container 5, passenger 3, passenger/cargo 36, petroleum tanker 15, roll on/roll off 31, specialized tanker 4, vehicle carrier 21
foreign-owned: 37 (Belgium 2, Denmark 4, Finland 11, Germany 3, Italy 7, Japan 2, Norway 7, US 1)
registered in other countries: 161 (Bahamas 6, Bermuda 14, Cayman Islands 9, Cook Islands 3, Cyprus 3, Denmark 1, France 2, French Southern and Antarctic Lands 9, Gibraltar 5, Isle of Man 1, Liberia 8, Malta 3, Netherlands 26, Netherlands Antilles 5, Norway 28, Panama 5, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 1, Singapore 12, UK 15, US 5)
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Ports and Harbors: Goteborg, Helsingborg, Karlshamn, Lulea, Malmo, Oxelosund, Stenungsund, Stockholm, Trelleborg
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Population: 9,016,596 people type - nationality |
Birth Rate: 10.27 births per 1,000 people |
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Population Density: 20.00 people per sq km |
Death Rate: 10.31 deaths per 1,000 people |
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Population Growth: 0.16% per year |
Fertility Rate per Women: 1.66 babies born per woman |
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Population Male 0-14: 775,433 |
Population Female 0-14: 732,773 |
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Population Male 15-64: 3,001,928 |
Population Female 15-64: 2,918,242 |
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Population Male 65+: 689,756 |
Population Female 65+: 898,464 |
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Population 0-14: 16.70% |
Literacy Rate: 99.00% |
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Population 15-64: 65.70% |
Literacy rate of Males: 99.00% |
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Population 65+: 17.60% |
Literacy rate of Females: 99.00% |
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Population that is Male: 49.00
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Population that is Female: 51.00% |
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Life expectancy at birth in years: 80.51 years |
Infant mortality rate - baby deaths per 1000 births: 2.76 Babies die per 1,000 births |
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Life expectancy at birth for Males: 78.29 years |
Life expectancy at birth for Females: 82.87 years |
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Rate of AIDS/HIV infection: 0.10%
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Number of people living with AIDS or HIV: 3,600
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Number of people who died of AIDS: 0 |
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Disease Risk:
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Diseases:
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Net Migration Rate per 1,000 people: 1.66
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Nationality: SWEDISH
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Ethnic Groups: indigenous population: Swedes and Finnish and Sami minorities; foreign-born or first-generation immigrants: Finns, Yugoslavs, Danes, Norwegians, Greeks, Turks
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Primary Language: Swedish
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Other Languages: Swedish note: small Sami- and Finnish-speaking minorities
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Primary Religion: Lutheran
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Other Religions: Lutheran 87%, Roman Catholic, Orthodox, Baptist, Muslim, Jewish, Buddhist
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Branches: Swedish Armed Forces (Forsvarsmakten): Army (Armen), Royal Swedish Navy (Marinen), Air Force (Flygvapnet)
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Manpower Fit to Serve: 19 years
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Manpower Available: 3,613,086 People
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Manpower Fit to Serve: 2,934,925 People
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Amount of Manpower Available each Year: 114,678 People per year
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Expenditures: $0 USD per year
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Expenditures as a Percentage of GDP: 1.50
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Note: Phrasebase uses a variety of sources when compiling the facts and information presented above. This information is continually updated throughout the year.
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Sweden Spa and Resort Directory
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Sweden Home Exchanges and Home Swaps
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Sweden Vacation Rentals And Holiday Villas
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