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Background: North Yemen became independent of the Ottoman Empire in 1918. The British, who had set up a protectorate area around the southern port of Aden in the 19th century, withdrew in 1967 from what became South Yemen. Three years later, the southern government adopted a Marxist orientation. The massive exodus of hundreds of thousands of Yemenis from the south to the north contributed to two decades of hostility between the states. The two countries were formally unified as the Republic of Yemen in 1990. A southern secessionist movement in 1994 was quickly subdued. In 2000, Saudi Arabia and Yemen agreed to a delimitation of their border.
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Common Name: Yemen
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Local Official Name: Al Yaman
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Abbreviated Name: Republic of Yemen
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Official Name: Al Jumhuriyah al Yamaniyah
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Official Script Name: Yemen
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Local Common Name: Yemen
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Former Name: Yemen Arab Republic [Yemen (Sanaa) or North Y
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Territory of: NA
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Head of State: President Field Marshall Ali Abdallah SALIH
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Government Type: republic
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Independence: 1990 May 22, (Republic of Yemen established with the merger of the Yemen Arab Republic [Yemen (Sanaa) or North Yemen] and the Marxist-dominated People's Democratic Republic of Yemen [Yemen (Aden) or South Yemen]); note - previously North Yemen had become
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Constitution: 1991 May 16; amended 29 September 1994 and February 2001
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National Holiday: Unification Day, 22 May
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International Organization Participation: AFESD, AMF, CAEU, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt (signatory), ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO (correspondent), ITU, LAS, MIGA, NAM, OAS (observer), OIC, ONUB, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNMIS, UNOCI, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTO (observer)
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Administrative Divisions: 19 governorates (muhafazat, singular - muhafazah); Abyan, 'Adan, Ad Dali', Al Bayda', Al Hudaydah, Al Jawf, Al Mahrah, Al Mahwit, 'Amran, Dhamar, Hadramawt, Hajjah, Ibb, Lahij, Ma'rib, Sa'dah, San'a', Shabwah, Ta'izz
note: for electoral and administrative purposes, the capital city of Sanaa is treated as an additional governorate
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Dependent Areas: NA
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Legal System: based on Islamic law, Turkish law, English common law, and local tribal customary law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
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Suffrage: 18 years
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Executive, Legislative and Judicial Branches: Executive Branch:
chief of state: President Ali Abdallah SALIH (since 22 May 1990, the former president of North Yemen, assumed office upon the merger of North and South Yemen); Vice President Maj. Gen. Abd al-Rab Mansur al-HADI (since 3 October 1994)
head of government: Prime Minister Abd al-Qadir BA JAMAL; Deputy Prime Ministers Rashid Muhammad al-ALIMI, Alawi Salah al-SALAMI, Ahmad Muhammad Abdallah al-SUFAN
cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president on the advice of the prime minister
elections: president elected by popular vote for a seven-year term; election last held 20 September 2006 (next to be held September 2013); vice president appointed by the president; prime minister and deputy prime ministers appointed by the president
election results: Ali Abdallah SALIH elected president; percent of vote - Ali Abdallah SALIH 77.2%, Faisal bin SHAMLAN 21.8%
Legislative Branch:
a new constitutional amendment ratified on 20 February 2001 created a bicameral legislature consisting of a Shura Council (111 seats; members appointed by the president) and a House of Representatives (301 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve six-year terms)
elections: last held 27 April 2003 (next to be held in April 2009)
election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - GPC 228, Islah 47, YSP 7, Nasserite Unionist Party 3, National Arab Socialist Ba'th Party 2, independents 14
Judicial Branch:
Supreme Court
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Party Leaders: there are more than 12 political parties active in Yemen, some of the more prominent are: General People's Congress or GPC [President Ali Abdallah SALIH]; Islamic Reform Grouping or Islah [Shaykh Abdallah bin Husayn al-AHMAR]; Nasserite Unionist Party [Abdal Malik al-MAKHLAFI]; National Arab Socialist Ba'th Party [Dr. Qasim SALAM]; Yemeni Socialist Party or YSP [Ali Salih MUQBIL]
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International Disputes: Yemen protests Eritrea fishing around the Hanish Islands awarded to Yemen by the ICJ in 1999; Saudi Arabia still maintains the concrete-filled pipe as a security barrier along sections of the border with Yemen in 2004 to stem illegal cross-border activities; Yemen protests Saudi erection of a concrete-filled pipe as a security barrier in 2004 to stem illegal cross-border activities in sections of the boundary
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Illicit Drugs: NA
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Location of Yemen: Middle East, bordering the Arabian Sea, Gulf of Aden, and Red Sea, between Oman and Saudi Arabia
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Continent: Middle East
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Land Area Total: 527,970 sq km
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Region: Middle Eastern |
Land Area Land: 527,970 sq km
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Capitol City: Sanaa
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Land Area Water: 0 sq km
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Current: +3
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Latitude: 015 00 N
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Border Boundary Land: 1,746 km
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Longitude: 048 00 E
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Border Boundary Coastline: 1,906 km
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Arable Land: 2.91 %
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Pastures: 0.00 %
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Crops: 0.25 %
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Woodlands and Forests: 0.00
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Highest Elevation: 3,760 m
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Location: Jabal an Nabi Shu'ayb
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Lowest Elevation: 0 m
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Location: Arabian Sea
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Largest City in Yemen: Sana'a
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Sana'a Largest City Population: 1,231,000
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Threatened Species: 84
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Environmental Issues: very limited natural fresh water resources; inadequate supplies of potable water; overgrazing; soil erosion; desertification
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Environmental Agreements: party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
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Irrigated Land: 5,500
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Bordering Countries: Oman 288 km, Saudi Arabia 1,458 km
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Natural Resources: petroleum, fish, rock salt, marble; small deposits of coal, gold, lead, nickel, and copper; fertile soil in west
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Geographical Terrain: narrow coastal plain backed by flat-topped hills and rugged mountains; dissected upland desert plains in center slope into the desert interior of the Arabian Peninsula
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Comparative Area of Yemen: slightly larger than twice the size of Wyoming
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Yemen's Geography: strategic location on Bab el Mandeb, the strait linking the Red Sea and the Gulf of Aden, one of world's most active shipping lanes
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Click Here for detailed information about the weather conditions in Yemen.
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General Climate: mostly desert; hot and humid along west coast; temperate in western mountains affected by seasonal monsoon; extraordinarily hot, dry, harsh desert in east
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Natural Hazards: sandstorms and dust storms in summer
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Economic Overview: Yemen, one of the poorest countries in the Arab world, has reported meager growth since 2000. Its economic fortunes depend mostly on oil. Oil revenues increased in 2005 due to higher prices. Yemen was on an IMF-supported structural adjustment program designed to modernize and streamline the economy, which led to substantial foreign debt relief and restructuring. However, government dedication to the program waned in 2001 for political reasons. Yemen is struggling to control excessive spending and rampant corruption. The people have grown increasingly upset over the economic situation. In July 2005, a reduction in fuel subsidies sparked riots; over 20 Yemenis were killed and hundreds were injured.
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GDP: $19,360,000,000 USD
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Currency: Yemeni rial
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GDP per Capita: $900 USD
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Currency Code: YER
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GDP Growth Rate: 2.80 %
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One $USD Equals: %fincurrencyequals% YER
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Currency Exchange Rate History: Yemeni rials per US dollar - 192.67 (2005), 184.78 (2004), 183.45 (2003), 175.63 (2002), 168.67 (2001)
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GDP of Agriculture: 13.50 %
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GDP of Industry: 47.20 %
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GDP of Services: 39.30 % |
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Inflation Rate: 11.80 % |
Population in Poverty: 45.20 %
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Unemployment Rate: 35.00 %
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Tourism: 88,000.00 visitors each year
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Consumption by lowest 10%: 3.00 %
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Budget Revenue in USD: $5,616,000,000 USD
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Consumption by upper 10%: 25.90 %
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Budget Expenditures in USD: $5,719,000,000 USD
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Electricity Production: 3,848,000,000 kWh
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Electricity Exports: 0 kWh
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Electricity Consumption: 2,827,000,000 kWh
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Electricity Imports: 0 kWh
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Electricity Production by Source:
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Fossil Fuel Electricity Production: 100.00%
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Nuclear Electricity Production: 0.00%
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Hydro Electricity Production: 0.00%
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Other Electricity Production: 0.00%
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Oil Production: 387,500 barrels per day
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Natural Gas Production: 0 cu m
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Oil Consumption: 80,000 barrels per day
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Natural Gas Consumption: 0 cu m
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Oil Exports: 370,300 barrels per day
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Natural Gas Exports: 0 cu m
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Oil Imports: 0 barrels per day
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Natural Gas Imports: 0 cu m
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Proven Oil Reserves: 4,370,000,000 barrels
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Proven Natural Gas Reserves: 478,600,000,000 cu m
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External Debt: $5,347,000,000 USD |
Received in economic aid: $2,300,000,000 USD
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Donated in economic aid: $0 USD
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Agricultural Products: grain, fruits, vegetables, pulses, qat, coffee, cotton; dairy products, livestock (sheep, goats, cattle, camels), poultry; fish
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Primary Industries: crude oil production and petroleum refining; small-scale production of cotton textiles and leather goods; food processing; handicrafts; small aluminum products factory; cement; commercial ship repair
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Industrial Growth Rate: 3.00 %
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Import Amount in USD: $4,190,000,000 USD - food and live animals, machinery and equipment, chemicals
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Import Partners: UAE 14.6%, Saudi Arabia 11.6%, China 9.1%, Kuwait 5%, India 4.5%
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Export Amount in USD: $6,387,000,000 USD - crude oil, coffee, dried and salted fish
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Export Partners: China 36.5%, Chile 19.2%, Thailand 12.5%, Japan 5.4%, South Korea 4.4%, US 4.1%
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GINI Index: 33.40%
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Labor Force Number of People: 5,830,000
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Labor Force by Occupations: most people are employed in agriculture and herding; services, construction, industry, and commerce account for less than one-fourth of the labor force
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Radio Broadcast Stations: 9 |
Number of People with Radios: 1,050,000 |
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Television Broadcast Stations: 7 |
Number of People with Televisions: 470,000 |
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Number of People with Mainline Telephones: 798,100 |
Number of People with Mobile Phones: 2,000,000 |
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Internet Service Providers: 171 |
Internet Users: 220,000 |
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Internet Country Code: .ye |
Newspapers: 15 |
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Two Letter Country Code: YM |
Weights and Measures: |
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Phone Country Code: 967 |
Electricity Voltage: 220/230 Volts |
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Telephone Systems: general assessment: since unification in 1990, efforts have been made to create a national telecommunications network
domestic: the national network consists of microwave radio relay, cable, tropospheric scatter, and GSM cellular mobile telephone systems
international: country code - 967; satellite earth stations - 3 Intelsat (2 Indian Ocean and 1 Atlantic Ocean), 1 Intersputnik (Atlantic Ocean region), and 2 Arabsat; microwave radio relay to Saudi Arabia and Djibouti
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Highways: 6,200 km |
Railways: 0 km
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Gas And Oil Pipelines: 1,377 km |
Waterways: 0 km
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Airports: 16 |
Heliports: 0
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Motor Vehicles: 48 per 1,000 people |
CO2 Emissions: 16,162,000 Metric Tons of CO2 per year |
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Per capita CO2 emissions: 1.00 Metric Tons of CO2 per year |
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Merchant Marines: total: 4 ships (1000 GRT or over) 15,400 GRT/18,072 DWT
by type: cargo 1, chemical tanker 1, petroleum tanker 1, roll on/roll off 1
registered in other countries: 9 (Bolivia 1, Cambodia 3, North Korea 2, Panama 3)
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Ports and Harbors: Aden, Nishtun
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Population: 21 people type - nationality |
Birth Rate: 42.89 births per 1,000 people |
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Population Density: 38.00 people per sq km |
Death Rate: 8.30 deaths per 1,000 people |
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Population Growth: 3.46% per year |
Fertility Rate per Women: 6.58 babies born per woman |
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Population Male 0-14: 5 |
Population Female 0-14: 4 |
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Population Male 15-64: 5 |
Population Female 15-64: 5 |
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Population Male 65+: 275 |
Population Female 65+: 287 |
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Population 0-14: 46.40% |
Literacy Rate: 50.20% |
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Population 15-64: 51.00% |
Literacy rate of Males: 70.50% |
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Population 65+: 2.60% |
Literacy rate of Females: 30.00% |
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Population that is Male: 52.00
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Population that is Female: 48.00% |
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Life expectancy at birth in years: 62.12 years |
Infant mortality rate - baby deaths per 1000 births: 59.88 Babies die per 1,000 births |
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Life expectancy at birth for Males: 60.23 years |
Life expectancy at birth for Females: 64.11 years |
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Rate of AIDS/HIV infection: 0.10%
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Number of people living with AIDS or HIV: 12,000
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Number of people who died of AIDS: 0 |
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Disease Risk:
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Diseases:
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Net Migration Rate per 1,000 people: 1.04
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Nationality: YEMENI
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Ethnic Groups: predominantly Arab; but also Afro-Arab, South Asians, Europeans
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Primary Language: Arabic
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Other Languages: Arabic
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Primary Religion: Muslim
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Other Religions: Muslim including Shaf'i (Sunni) and Zaydi (Shi'a), small numbers of Jewish, Christian, and Hindu
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Branches: Army (includes Special Forces), Navy (includes Marines), Air Force (includes Air Defense Force)
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Manpower Fit to Serve: in May 2001, Yemen's National Defense Council abolished compulsory military service and authorized a years
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Manpower Available: 7,926,335 People
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Manpower Fit to Serve: 5,583,111 People
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Amount of Manpower Available each Year: 467,158 People per year
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Expenditures: $0 USD per year
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Expenditures as a Percentage of GDP: 6.40
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Note: Phrasebase uses a variety of sources when compiling the facts and information presented above. This information is continually updated throughout the year.
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Yemen Spa and Resort Directory
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Yemen City Information Game Earn Real Money
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