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HAWAIIAN LANGUAGE PRODUCTS
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Hawaiian Phrasebase Forum Discussion
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Hawaiian Phrasebase Forum Topics
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Extinct: no
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Family: Malayo-Polynesian
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Branch: Polynesian
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Continent: North America
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Country: USA
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Region: Hawaiian Islands, mainly Ni'ihau Island and the Big Island of Hawai'i, some on all the other islands.
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Countries Where Spoken: 1,000 mother tongue speakers, 500 with Ni'ihau Island connections, another 500 in their 70s or 80s (1995 Laina Wong Univ. of Hawaii). 8,000 can speak and understand it (1993 Keith Haugen). 237,128 ethnic Hawaiians in Hawaii (1996 Hawaii State Dept. of Health), 18.8% of the population (1990 Hawaii State Dept. of Health), and 99,269 ethnic Hawaiians on the USA mainland (1990 census), including 24,245 in California. In 1900 there were 37,000 mother tongue speakers (1995 Honolulu Advertiser). Ethnic Hawaiians include 8,244 pure Hawaiian, 72,809 between 50% and 99% Hawaiian, 127,523 less than 50% Hawaiian in Hawaii (1984 Office of Hawaiian Affairs). In 1778 there were believed to have been more than 500,000 pure Hawaiians (1995 Wayne Harada).
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Countries Where Official: USA
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Native Speakers: 0
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Speakers Total: 0
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Phrasebase members who speak this language at a native level: 5
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Phrasebase members who speak this language at a conversational level: 5
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Phrasebase members primary language they are trying to learn: 95
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Phrasebase members secondary language they are trying to learn: 770
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Three Letter Code: HWI
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Alternative Names: 'OLELO HAWAI'I, 'OLELO HAWAI'I MAKUAHINE
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Dialects: Istrian, Triestino, Venetian Proper, Bisiacco., There Are 5 Dialects In The Bosnian Langauge: East Bosnian, West Bosnian, East Herzeg, West Herzeg And Sandzak, Palityan (palitiani, Bogomil). Palityan Is Functionally Intelligible With Standard Bulgarian. The Pomak Dialect Spoken In Greece Is Close To Serbian And Bulgarian; Geographical Dialect Shading Toward Each., Northeast Belarusan (polots, Viteb-mogilev), Southwest Belarusan (grodnen-baranovich, Slutsko-mozyr, Slutska-mazyrski), Central Belarusan. Linguistically Between Russian And Ukrainian, With Transitional Dialects To Both., Kaykavski, Chakavski, Shtokavski (ijekavski). Shtokavski Is The Official Dialect, But The Others Are Recognized As Valid Dialects, With A Large Body Of Literature. Other Dialects In Other Countries, Like Burgenland Croatian In Austria, Are Less Intelligible., Central Bohemian, Czecho-moravian, Hanak, Lach (yalach), Northeast Bohemian, Southwest Bohemian. All Czech And Slovak Dialects Are Inherently Intelligible To Each Other's Speakers., Kashubian Proper, Slovincian., Northern Macedonian, Southeastern Macedonian, Western Macedonian., North Russian, South Russian., Upper Silesian., Chakavian, Kajkavian, Stokavian, Torlakian., Chakavian, Kajkavian, Stokavian, Torlakian., None, Lower Carniola, Upper Carniola, Stajerski, Primorski., Bautzen, Kamenz., Northwest Ukrainian, Southwest Ukrainian, East Ukrainian., Eastern Armenian, Erevan (eriwan), Tbilisi (tiflis), Karabagh, Shamakhi (schamachi), Astrakhan (astrachan), Dzhulfa (dschugha, Dschulfa), Agulis, Khvoy-salmst (choi-salmst), Urmia-maragheh (urmia-maragha), Artvin (artwin), Karin (erzurum, Erzerum), Mus (musch), Van (wan), Tigranakert (diyarbakir, Diarbekir), Kharberd (charberd, Erzincan, Erzenka), Shabin-karahissar (schabin-karahissar), Trabzon (trapezunt), Hamshen (hamschen), Malatya (malatia), Kilikien, Syria (syrien), Arabkir, Akn, Sebaste, Ewdokia (tokat), Smyrna (izmir), North Komedia, Constantinople (konstantinopel, Istanbul), Rodosto, Crimea (krim), Ashkharik. All Dialects In All Countries Usually Reported To Be Inherently Intelligible. Eastern Armenian (4, 341, 000) Is Spoken In Armenia And Its Turkish And Iranian Borderlands; Western Armenian (879, 612) Is Spoken Elsewhere. Western Armenian Is Understood Only By Some In Iran. In Syria, People In Kessaberen (northeastern Mountain Village Of Kessab) And The Village Of Musa Dagh (now Relocated To Lebanon) Speak Related Varieties Which Other Western Armenian Speakers Do Not Understand. Most Speakers Of Kessaberen Have Now Learned Western Armenian. Western (turkish) Armenian And Ararat (russian) Are Easily Intelligible., Central Amis (haian Ami, Hsiukulan Ami), Tavalong-vataan (kwangfu, Kuangfu), Southern Amis (peinan, Hengch'un Amis, Taitung), Chengkung-kwangshan, Northern Amis (nanshi Amis), Sakizaya (sakiray)., Sqoleq (squliq), Ts'ole' (ci'uli)., None, Duhtu, Luhtu, Tapangu, Tfuea, Iimutsu., Kadavu (ono, Tavuki, Nabukelevu), Southeast Viti Levu (waidina, Lutu, Nandrau, Naimasimasi), Bau (bauan, Mbau), Northeast Viti Levu (tokaimalo, Namena, Lovoni), Central Vanua Levu (baaravi, Seaqaaqaa, Nabalebale, Savusavu), Northeast Vanua Levu (labasa, D, Western Motu, Eastern Motu, Austronesian Hiri Motu, Papuan Hiri Motu., None, Chamorro, Rotanese Chamorro., RÄlik, Ratak., None, None, North Auckland, South Island, Taranaki, Wanganui, Bay Of Plenty, Rotorua-taupo, Moriori., None,
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Summary: 79% lexical similarity with Rarotongan, 77% with Tuamotuan, 76% with Tahitian (Elbert), 71% with Maori (Schütz), 70% with Marquesan, 64% with Rapa Nui. Speakers use Hawaii Creole English (Pidgin) or English as second language. 500 mother tongue speakers in their 70s or 80s (1995). People 2 years old and older are learning it as second language: 1,000 ages 0-15. 350 ages 15-25 (1997 Rosemary Henze). Official language. Dictionary. Grammar. VSO. Roman. Punana Leo private schools offer Hawaiian immersion programs (as a second language) for about 800 2-year-old ethnic Hawaiians into high school. The University of Hawaii offers a BA in the Hawaiian language. Christian, traditional religion. Bible 1838.
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Note:
Phrasebase uses a variety of sources when compiling the facts and information presented above. This information is continually updated throughout the year.
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