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ICELANDIC LANGUAGE PRODUCTS
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Icelandic Phrasebase Forum Discussion
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Icelandic Phrasebase Forum Topics
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Extinct: no
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Family: Indo European
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Branch: Germanic - Old Noesr
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Continent: Europe
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Country: Iceland
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Region: ICELANDIC: Also spoken in Canada, USA.
ICELANDIC SIGN: None
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Countries Where Spoken: ICELANDIC: 230,000 in Iceland (1980 WA). Population total all countries 250,000.
ICELANDIC SIGN: No estimate available.
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Countries Where Official: Iceland
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Native Speakers: 230,000
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Speakers Total: 250,000
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Phrasebase members who speak this language at a native level: 61
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Phrasebase members who speak this language at a conversational level: 61
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Phrasebase members primary language they are trying to learn: 128
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Phrasebase members secondary language they are trying to learn: 1,261
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Three Letter Code: ICE
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Alternative Names: ÍSLENSKA
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Dialects: Southern Pa'o, Northern Pa'o, Bilichi, Dermuha, Pa'an (moulmein, Inland Pwo Eastern Karen), Kawkareik (eastern Border Pwo Karen), Tavoy (southern Pwo Karen), Mae Ping, Omkoi (hod), Mae Sarieng, Bassein, Tuan Tet, Maubin, Pa'an (moulmein, Inland Pwo Easter, Jadeji., Na (black Lahu, Musser Dam, Northern Lahu, Loheirn), Nyi (red Lahu, Southern Lahu, Musseh Daeng, Luhishi, Luhushi), Shehleh, , Ilammu, Tamsangmu, Rengjongmu., Hua Lisu (flowery Lisu), Pai Lisu (white Lisu), Lu Shi Lisu., Fannai, Mizo, Ngente, Pang (paang), Tlau., Meitei, Loi, Pangal., Gtsang (tsang), Dbus, Mngahris (ngari)., Dolkhali (dolakha), Sindhupalchok Pahri (pahri, Pahari), Totali, Citlang, Kathmandu-pathan-kirtipur, Baktapur, Baglung., Dayao (north Central Yi), Nanhua (south Central Yi), Dian-qian (yunnan-guizhou, Pan County), Dian Dongbei (northeastern Yunnan), Northern Sichuan Yi, Southern Sichuan Yi, Sani, Axi (mile, Ahi), Awu, Axhebo, Dongshan, Xishan, Shijian, Yuanjin, Exin., One Dialect, But Some Variation Around Solenyama. Lexical Similarity 70% With Amba; 56% To 59% With Bila, Kaiku, Bhele, And Komo; 47% With Bwa, Lika, And Bali; 22% With Nyali And Budu., Modern Standard Arabic (modern Literary Arabic), Classical Arabic (koranic Arabic, Quranic Arabic). Preserves The Ancient Grammar., Central Uyghur, Hotan (hetian), Lop (luobu)., None, So Trong, So Slouy, So Phong, Chali (chari, Shari), Kaleu, Melan So, Emvane So, None, Oraon, Kisan, , None, Munster, Connacht, Donegal, Leinster, Ulster., None, East Sutherlandshire., Northern Welsh, Southern Welsh, Patagonian Welsh., Crimean Gothic, Ostrogoth, Visigoth., , None,
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Summary: ICELANDIC: No appreciable dialect differences (Nida 1972). Not inherently intelligible with Faroese. National language. SVO. Bible 1584-1981.
ICELANDIC SIGN: Until 1910 Icelandic deaf people were sent to school in Denmark. The sign language is based on Danish Sign Language, but has changed and developed since then, so it is not the same today. Signed interpretation provided for college students. Instruction for parents of deaf children. There is a committee on national sign language. There is a manual spelling system. Dictionary. TV.
Icelandic is a North Germanic language spoken in Iceland. It is an inflected language of moderate complexity.
While most Western European languages have reduced greatly the extent of inflection, particularly in noun declension, Icelandic retains an inflectional grammar comparable to that of Latin, Ancient Greek, or more closely, Old English.
Written Icelandic has changed very little since the Viking era. As a result of this, and of the grammatic similarity between the modern and ancient grammar, modern speakers can still read, more or less, the original sagas and Eddas that were written some eight hundred years ago. This old form of the language is called Old Icelandic, but also commonly equalled to Old Norse (an umbrella term for the common Scandinavian language of the Viking era).
Icelandic orthography is notable for its retention of two old letters: ?em> and ��>, representing the voiceless and voiced "th" sounds.
The preservation of the Icelandic language has been taken seriously by the Icelanders - rather than borrow foreign words for new concepts, new Icelandic words are diligently forged for public use.
Phonology
Icelandic phonology is somewhat unusual for European languages in having an aspiration contrast in its stops, rather than a voicing contrast. However, Icelandic continuant phonemes exhibit regular contrasts in voice, including in nasals (rare in the world's languages). Additionally, length is contrastive for nearly all phonemes; voiceless sonorant consonants seem to be the only exception. The chart below was developed from data found at BRAGI and related pages; refer to the SAMPA Chart article for information on values of the symbols.
Consonants bilabial interdental dental palatal velar glottal
stops p / ph t / th c / ch k / kh
fricatives f / v T / D s C x / G h
nasals m / m. n / n. J / J. N / N.
semivowels w j
laterals l / l.
rhotics (trills) r / r.
Vowels front unrounded front rounded central & back
close i u
mid e 2
open-mid E 9 O
open a
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Note:
Phrasebase uses a variety of sources when compiling the facts and information presented above. This information is continually updated throughout the year.
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