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ROMANIAN LANGUAGE PRODUCTS
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Romanian Phrasebase Forum Discussion
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Romanian Phrasebase Forum Topics
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Extinct: no
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Family: Indo-European
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Branch: Romance
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Continent: Europe
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Country: Romania
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Region: Moldavian is in Moldova to the northeast, and Muntenian in Muntenia, or Wallachia in the southeast, other dialects in the north and west, including much of Transylvania. Also spoken in Australia, Azerbaijan, Canada, Finland, Hungary, Israel, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Russia (Europe), Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, USA, Uzbekistan, Yugoslavia.
ISTRO: Northeast Istrian Peninsula, Zejane village and a few villages to the south.
MEGLENO: Meglen region, north of Salonika.
MACEDO: Northwest Salonika, and northern Greece, Pindus Mts., around Trikala. Also spoken in Albania, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Macedonia, Romania, Yugoslavia.
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Countries Where Spoken: ROMANIAN: 20,520,000 in Romania, 90% of the population (1986). Population total all countries 26,000,000 (1999 WA). Hungary, Israel, Moldova, Ukraine, Yugoslavia.
ISTRO: 555 to 1,500 (1994 T. Salminen).
MACEDO: 200,000 in Greece (1995 Greek Monitor of Human and Minority Rights 1.3 Dec. 1995), out of possibly 700,000 in the ethnic group (Association of French Aromanians). Population total all countries 260,000 to 378,000. Albania, Bulgaria, Macedonia, Yugoslative.
MEGLENO: 12,000 (1995).
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Countries Where Official: Romania, Croatia, Greece
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Native Speakers: 26,000,000
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Speakers Total: 26,000,000
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Phrasebase members who speak this language at a native level: 886
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Phrasebase members who speak this language at a conversational level: 886
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Phrasebase members primary language they are trying to learn: 1,142
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Phrasebase members secondary language they are trying to learn: 2,713
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Three Letter Code: RUM
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Alternative Names: RUMANIAN, MOLDAVIAN, DACO-RUMANIAN, MEGLENITIC, MEGLENITE, MACEDO-RUMANIAN, ARUMANIAN, AROMANIAN, ARMINA, VLACH, ISTRO-ROMANIAN
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Dialects: None, None, Baitadi, Bajhangi, Bajurali (bajura), Doteli, Soradi, Acchami, Jumleli (jumla, Singja, Sijali), Darjula., Mughalbandi (oriya Proper, Standard Oriya), Southern Oriya, Bhatri, Northwestern Oriya, Western Oriya (sambalpuri), North Balasore Oriya, Midnapore Oriya, Halbi, Koraput Oriya (desia Oriya), Adivasi Oriya, Valmiki Adivasi Oriya., Standard Konkani (goanese), Bardeskari (gomantaki), Sarasvat Brahmin, Kudali (malvani), Daldi (nawaits), Chitapavani (konkanasths), Mangalore., Inner Siragi (inner Seraji, Siragi, Siraji, Saraji), Kllui, Outer Seraji, Lower Mahasu Pahari (kiunthali, Sirmauri, Baghati, Baghliani), Upper Mahasu Pahari (shimla Siraji, Sodochi, Rampuri, Rohruri), Pahari (dhundi-kairali), Pothwari (potwari), Chibhali, , None, Majhi, Panjabi Proper, Majhi, Doab, Bhatyiana (bhatneri, Bhatti), Powadhi, Malwa, Bathi, , , Kachchi, Lari, Lasi, Thareli, Vicholo (vicholi, Viccholi, Central Sindhi), Macharia, Dukslinu (hindu Sindhi), Sindhi Musalmani (muslim Sindhi), Sindhi Bhil, Mohrano, Badin, Sindhi Meghwar, Sindhi Bhil, Mohrano, Badin, Sindhi Meghwar., Rodiya., None, None, Coastal Balochi, Kechi, Makrani (lotuni). Distinct From Eastern Balochi And Fairly Distinct From Western Balochi.
Rakhshani (raxshani), Sarawani. Strongly Influenced By Fars, But Not Intelligible With Farsi.
Literacy Rate In First Language: 1% To 5%. Literacy Rate In Second Language: 5% To 15%. Urdu Script; Arabic Script In Afghanistan. Newspapers. Radio Programs. Bible Portions: 1984. Balochi Is The Official Spelling In Pakistan. It Has A Small Body Of Literature. Muslim (sunni)., Qazvini, Mahallati, Hamadani, Kashani, Isfahani, Sedehi, Kermani, Araki, Shirazi, Jahromi, Shahrudi, Kazeruni, Mashadi (meshed), Basseri, Dari (afghan Farsi, Herati, Tajiki, Kaboli, Kabuli, Khorasani), Parsiwan., None, Arbili, Khushnaw, Pizhdar, Mukri, Garrusi (bijbri), ArdaiÂni (sanandaji), SulaymÂni (suleimaniye), WarmÂwa, GarmiyÂni, KolyÂ'i, Zangana, KirmÂnshÂhi., None, Catalan-rousillonese (northern Catalán), Valencian (valenciano, Valencià), Balearic (balear, Insular Catalan, Mallorqui, Menorqui, Eivissenc), Central Catalan, Algherese, Northwestern Catalan (pallarese, Ribagorçan, Lleidatà, Aiguavivan). The Standard Variety Is A Literary Composite Which No One Speaks, Based On Several Dialects. Pallarese And Ribogorçan Dialects Are Less Similar To Standard Catalan. Benasquese And Aiguavivan People Live In Isolated Valleys And Have A Distinct Phonology From Their Neighbors. Tortosin May Be Closer To Valencian. Central Catalan Has About 90% To 95% Inherent Intelligibility To Speakers Of Valencian (r. A. Hall, Jr., 1989). Written Catalan Is Closest To Barcelona Speech. Central Catalan Has 87% Lexical Similarity With Italian, 85% With Portuguese And Spanish, 76% With Rheto-romance, 75% With Sardinian, 73% With Rumanian., None, Standard French, Norman (normand), Picard (rouchi, Chtimi), Wallon (walloon), Angevin, Berrichon, Bourbonnais, Bourguignon, Franc-comtois, Gallo, Lorraine, Poitevin, Santongeais., Tuscan, Abruzzese, Pugliese, Umbrian, Laziale, Central Marchigiano, Cicolano-reatino-aquilano, Molisano., Judezmo (judyo, Jidyo), Ladino, Haquetiya (haketia, Haketiya, Hakitia)., None, Transalpin, NiÇard (niÇois), Maritime ProvenÇal (marseillais, Toulonnais, Varois), Gavot (alpin, Valeien, Gapian, Forcalquieren), Rhodanien (nimois), Dauphinois (dromois)., Moldavian, Muntenian (walachian), Transylvanian, Banat, Bayash, Istro-romanian,
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Summary: ROMANIAN: Romanian has 77% lexical similarity with Italian, 75% with French, 74% with Sardinian, 73% with Catalan, 72% with Portuguese and Rheto-Romance, 71% with Spanish. The Bayash are Gypsies who have lost their language and now speak Romanian based on the Banat dialect with Romani and Hungarian influences. National language. Grammar. SVO. Deciduous forest. Mountain slope. Peasant agriculturalists, other. Christian. Bible 1688-1989.
ISTRO: Structurally a separate language from Romanian (F.B. Agard). Split from the other 3 Romanian languages between 500 and 1000 A.D. Not the same as the Istriot language. Few children speakers.
MACEDO: Structurally a distinct language from Romanian (F. Agard). It split from the other 3 Rumanian languages between 500 and 1000 A.D. Many dialects. Bilingualism in Greek. People over 50 are fluent in Aromanian, many between 25 to 50 are passive speakers with limited knowledge of vocabulary and grammar. Some younger ones know the language. Rapid assimilation to Greek culture; children attend Greek schools. 20% live traditionally. No legal status in Greece. Not taught in school except for one course at the University of Salonica. Some revival of the culture in progress since the 1980s. 'Armini' refers to the people. Roman or Greek alphabet used. Traditionally shepherds and woodworkers. Christian. Bible portions 1881-1889.
MEGLENO: Structurally a distinct language from Romanian, Macedo Romanian, and Istro Romanian (F. Agard). The 4 Romanian languages split between 500 and 1000 A.D.
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Note:
Phrasebase uses a variety of sources when compiling the facts and information presented above. This information is continually updated throughout the year.
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