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Background: As the dominant industrial and maritime power of the 19th century, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland played a leading role in developing parliamentary democracy and in advancing literature and science. At its zenith, the British Empire stretched over one-fourth of the earth's surface. The first half of the 20th century saw the UK's strength seriously depleted in two World Wars and the Irish republic withdraw from the union. The second half witnessed the dismantling of the Empire and the UK rebuilding itself into a modern and prosperous European nation. As one of five permanent members of the UN Security Council, a founding member of NATO, and of the Commonwealth, the UK pursues a global approach to foreign policy; it currently is weighing the degree of its integration with continental Europe. A member of the EU, it chose to remain outside the Economic and Monetary Union for the time being. Constitutional reform is also a significant issue in the UK. The Scottish Parliament, the National Assembly for Wales, and the Northern Ireland Assembly were established in 1999, but the latter is suspended due to wrangling over the peace process.
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Nome Comum: Reino Unido
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Nome Oficial Local: United Kingdom
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Nome Abreviado: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern
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Nome Oficial: United Kingdom
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Nome Oficial do Script: United Kingdom
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Nome Local Comum: UK
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Antigo Nome: United Kingdom
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Território de: NA
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Cabeça de Estado: Queen ELIZABETH II
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Tipo de Governo: constitutional monarchy
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Independência: England has existed as a unified entity since the 10th century; the union between England and Wales, begun in 1284 with the Statute of Rhuddlan, was not formalized until 1536 with an Act of Union; in another Act of Union in 1707, England and Scotland agre
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Constituição: unwritten; partly statutes, partly common law and practice
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Feriado Nacional: Birthday of Queen ELIZABETH II, celebrated on the second Saturday in June
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Participação em Organizações Internacionais: AfDB, Arctic Council (observer), AsDB, Australia Group, BIS, C, CBSS (observer), CDB, CE, CERN, EAPC, EBRD, EIB, ESA, EU, FAO, G- 5, G- 7, G- 8, G-10, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITU, MIGA, MONUC, NATO, NEA, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OPCW, OSCE, Paris Club, PCA, PIF (partner), SECI (observer), UN, UN Security Council, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNFICYP, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNMIL, UNMIS, UNMOVIC, UNOMIG, UNRWA, UPU, WCO, WEU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, WToO, ZC
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Divisões Administrativas: England - 47 boroughs, 36 counties*, 29 London boroughs**, 12 cities and boroughs***, 10 districts****, 12 cities*****, 3 royal boroughs******; Barking and Dagenham**, Barnet**, Barnsley, Bath and North East Somerset****, Bedfordshire*, Bexley**, Birmingham***, Blackburn with Darwen, Blackpool, Bolton, Bournemouth, Bracknell Forest, Bradford***, Brent**, Brighton and Hove, City of Bristol*****, Bromley**, Buckinghamshire*, Bury, Calderdale, Cambridgeshire*, Camden**, Cheshire*, Cornwall*, Coventry***, Croydon**, Cumbria*, Darlington, Derby*****, Derbyshire*, Devon*, Doncaster, Dorset*, Dudley, Durham*, Ealing**, East Riding of Yorkshire****, East Sussex*, Enfield**, Essex*, Gateshead, Gloucestershire*, Greenwich**, Hackney**, Halton, Hammersmith and Fulham**, Hampshire*, Haringey**, Harrow**, Hartlepool, Havering**, Herefordshire*, Hertfordshire*, Hillingdon**, Hounslow**, Isle of Wight*, Islington**, Kensington and Chelsea******, Kent*, City of Kingston upon Hull*****, Kingston upon Thames******, Kirklees, Knowsley, Lambeth**, Lancashire*, Leeds***, Leicester*****, Leicestershire*, Lewisham**, Lincolnshire*, Liverpool***, City of London*****, Luton, Manchester***, Medway, Merton**, Middlesbrough, Milton Keynes, Newcastle upon Tyne***, Newham**, Norfolk*, Northamptonshire*, North East Lincolnshire****, North Lincolnshire****, North Somerset****, North Tyneside, Northumberland*, North Yorkshire*, Nottingham*****, Nottinghamshire*, Oldham, Oxfordshire*, Peterborough*****, Plymouth*****, Poole, Portsmouth*****, Reading, Redbridge**, Redcar and Cleveland, Richmond upon Thames**, Rochdale, Rotherham, Rutland****, Salford***, Shropshire*, Sandwell, Sefton, Sheffield***, Slough, Solihull, Somerset*, Southampton*****, Southend-on-Sea, South Gloucestershire****, South Tyneside, Southwark**, Staffordshire*, St. Helens, Stockport, Stockton-on-Tees, Stoke-on-Trent*****, Suffolk*, Sunderland***, Surrey*, Sutton**, Swindon, Tameside, Telford and Wrekin****, Thurrock, Torbay, Tower Hamlets**, Trafford, Wakefield***, Walsall, Waltham Forest**, Wandsworth**, Warrington, Warwickshire*, West Berkshire****, Westminster***, West Sussex*, Wigan, Wiltshire*, Windsor and Maidenhead******, Wirral, Wokingham****, Wolverhampton, Worcestershire*, York*****; Northern Ireland - 24 districts, 2 cities*, 6 counties**; Antrim, County Antrim**, Ards, Armagh, County Armagh**, Ballymena, Ballymoney, Banbridge, Belfast*, Carrickfergus, Castlereagh, Coleraine, Cookstown, Craigavon, Down, County Down**, Dungannon, Fermanagh, County Fermanagh**, Larne, Limavady, Lisburn, County Londonderry**, Derry*, Magherafelt, Moyle, Newry and Mourne, Newtownabbey, North Down, Omagh, Strabane, County Tyrone**; Scotland - 32 council areas; Aberdeen City, Aberdeenshire, Angus, Argyll and Bute, The Scottish Borders, Clackmannanshire, Dumfries and Galloway, Dundee City, East Ayrshire, East Dunbartonshire, East Lothian, East Renfrewshire, City of Edinburgh, Falkirk, Fife, Glasgow City, Highland, Inverclyde, Midlothian, Moray, North Ayrshire, North Lanarkshire, Orkney Islands, Perth and Kinross, Renfrewshire, Shetland Islands, South Ayrshire, South Lanarkshire, Stirling, West Dunbartonshire, Eilean Siar (Western Isles), West Lothian; Wales - 11 county boroughs, 9 counties*, 2 cities and counties**; Isle of Anglesey*, Blaenau Gwent, Bridgend, Caerphilly, Cardiff**, Ceredigion*, Carmarthenshire*, Conwy, Denbighshire*, Flintshire*, Gwynedd, Merthyr Tydfil, Monmouthshire*, Neath Port Talbot, Newport, Pembrokeshire*, Powys*, Rhondda Cynon Taff, Swansea**, Torfaen, The Vale of Glamorgan*, Wrexham
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Áreas Dependentes: NA
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Sistema Legal: common law tradition with early Roman and modern continental influences; has nonbinding judicial review of Acts of Parliament under the Human Rights Act of 1998; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations
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Sufrágio: 18 anos
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Ramos Executivos, Legislativos e Judiciais: Executive Branch:
chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); Heir Apparent Prince CHARLES (son of the queen, born 14 November 1948)
head of government: Prime Minister Anthony (Tony) BLAIR (since 2 May 1997)
cabinet: Cabinet of Ministers appointed by the prime minister
elections: none; the monarchy is hereditary; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition is usually the prime minister
Legislative Branch:
bicameral Parliament comprised of House of Lords (consists of approximately 500 life peers, 92 hereditary peers and 26 clergy) and House of Commons (646 seats since 2005 elections; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms unless the House is dissolved earlier)
elections: House of Lords - no elections (note - in 1999, as provided by the House of Lords Act, elections were held in the House of Lords to determine the 92 hereditary peers who would remain there; elections are held only as vacancies in the hereditary peerage arise); House of Commons - last held 5 May 2005 (next to be held by May 2010)
election results: House of Commons - percent of vote by party - Labor 35.2%, Conservative 32.3%, Liberal Democrats 22%, other 10.5%; seats by party - Labor 356, Conservative 197, Liberal Democrat 62, other 31; note - as of 10 February 2006 party by seat in the House of Commons: Labor 353, Conservative 196, Liberal Democrat 63, Scottish National Party/Plaid Cymru 9, Democratic Unionist 9, Sinn Fein 5 (but cannot vote), other 11
note: in 1998 elections were held for a Northern Ireland Assembly (because of unresolved disputes among existing parties, the transfer of power from London to Northern Ireland came only at the end of 1999 and has been suspended four times the latest occurring in October 2002); in 1999 there were elections for a new Scottish Parliament and a new Welsh Assembly
Judicial Branch:
House of Lords (highest court of appeal; several Lords of Appeal in Ordinary are appointed by the monarch for life); Supreme Courts of England, Wales, and Northern Ireland (comprising the Courts of Appeal, the High Courts of Justice, and the Crown Courts); Scotland's Court of Session and Court of the Justiciary
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Líderes de Partido: Conservative and Unionist Party [David CAMERON]; Democratic Unionist Party (Northern Ireland) [Rev. Ian PAISLEY]; Labor Party [Anthony (Tony) BLAIR]; Liberal Democrats [Sir Menzies CAMPBELL]; Party of Wales (Plaid Cymru) [Dafydd IWAN]; Scottish National Party or SNP [Alex SALMOND]; Sinn Fein (Northern Ireland) [Gerry ADAMS]; Social Democratic and Labor Party or SDLP (Northern Ireland) [Mark DURKAN]; Ulster Unionist Party (Northern Ireland) [Sir Reg EMPEY]
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Disputas Internacionais: in 2002, Gibraltar residents voted overwhelmingly by referendum to reject any "shared sovereignty" arrangement between the UK and Spain; the Government of Gibraltar insists on equal participation in talks between the two countries; Spain disapproves of UK plans to grant Gibraltar greater autonomy; Mauritius and Seychelles claim the Chagos Archipelago (British Indian Ocean Territory), and its former inhabitants since their eviction in 1965; most Chagossians reside in Mauritius, and in 2001 were granted UK citizenship but no right to patriation in the UK; UK rejects sovereignty talks requested by Argentina, which still claims the Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) and South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands; territorial claim in Antarctica (British Antarctic Territory) overlaps Argentine claim and partially overlaps Chilean claim; Iceland, the UK, and Ireland dispute Denmark's claim that the Faroe Islands' continental shelf extends beyond 200 nm
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Drogas Ilícitas: producer of limited amounts of synthetic drugs and synthetic precursor chemicals; major consumer of Southwest Asian heroin, Latin American cocaine, and synthetic drugs; money-laundering center
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Localização de Reino Unido: Western Europe, islands including the northern one-sixth of the island of Ireland between the North Atlantic Ocean and the North Sea, northwest of France
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Continente: Europe
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Área Total: 244,820 sq km
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Região: Western Europe |
Área: 241,590 sq km
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Capital: London
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Território Marítimo: 3,230 sq km
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Hora Actual: +0
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Latitude: 054 00 N
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Território Fronteiriço: 360 km
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Longitude: 002 00 W
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Linha da Costa: 12,429 km
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Terra Arável: 23.23 %
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Pastos: 0.00 %
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Colheitas: 0.20 %
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Florestas: 0.00
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Ponto mais Elevado: 1,343 m
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Localização: Ben Nevis
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Ponto mais baixo: -4 m
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Localização: The Fens
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Maior Cidade em Reino Unido: London
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London Cidade com maior População: 7,639,000
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Espécies Ameaçadas: 48
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Assuntos Ambientais: continues to reduce greenhouse gas emissions (has met Kyoto Protocol target of a 12.5% reduction from 1990 levels and intends to meet the legally binding target and move toward a domestic goal of a 20% cut in emissions by 2010); by 2005 the government aims to reduce the amount of industrial and commercial waste disposed of in landfill sites to 85% of 1998 levels and to recycle or compost at least 25% of household waste, increasing to 33% by 2015; between 1998-99 and 1999-2000, household recycling increased from 8.8% to 10.3%
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Acordos Ambientais: party to: Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Sulfur 94, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic-Marine Living Resources, Antarctic Seals, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands, Whaling
signed, but not ratified: Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants
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Terra Irrigada: 1,700
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Países que fazem Fronteira: Ireland 360 km
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Recursos Naturais: coal, petroleum, natural gas, tin, limestone, iron ore, salt, clay, chalk, gypsum, lead, silica, arable land
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Terreno Geográfico: mostly rugged hills and low mountains; level to rolling plains in east and southeast
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Área Comparada de Reino Unido: slightly smaller than Oregon
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Reino Unido's Geografia: lies near vital North Atlantic sea lanes; only 35 km from France and linked by tunnel under the English Channel; because of heavily indented coastline, no location is more than 125 km from tidal waters
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Clique aqui Para informação detalhada sobre as condi絥s do tempo em Reino Unido.
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Clima Geral: temperate; moderated by prevailing southwest winds over the North Atlantic Current; more than one-half of the days are overcast
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Riscos Naturais: winter windstorms; floods
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Visão Geral da Economia: The UK, a leading trading power and financial center, is one of the quintet of trillion dollar economies of Western Europe. Over the past two decades, the government has greatly reduced public ownership and contained the growth of social welfare programs. Agriculture is intensive, highly mechanized, and efficient by European standards, producing about 60% of food needs with less than 2% of the labor force. The UK has large coal, natural gas, and oil reserves; primary energy production accounts for 10% of GDP, one of the highest shares of any industrial nation. Services, particularly banking, insurance, and business services, account by far for the largest proportion of GDP while industry continues to decline in importance. GDP growth slipped in 2001-03 as the global downturn, the high value of the pound, and the bursting of the "new economy" bubble hurt manufacturing and exports. Output recovered in 2004, to 3.2% growth, but fell in 2005, to 1.7%. Despite slower growth, the economy is one of the strongest in Europe; inflation, interest rates, and unemployment remain low. The relatively good economic performance has complicated the BLAIR government's efforts to make a case for Britain to join the European Economic and Monetary Union (EMU). Critics point out that the economy is doing well outside of EMU, and public opinion polls show a majority of Britons are opposed to the euro. Meantime, the government has been speeding up the improvement of education, transport, and health services, at a cost in higher taxes and a widening public deficit.
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PIB: $1,818,000,000,000 USD
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Moeda: British pound
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PIB per Capita: $30,100 USD
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Código da Moeda: GBP
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Valores do Crescimento do PIB: 1.90 %
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Valor de um dólar é Igual a : %fincurrencyequals% GBP
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História da Taxa de Troca da Moeda: British pounds per US dollar - 0.55 (2005), 0.5462 (2004), 0.6125 (2003), 0.6672 (2002), 0.6947 (2001)
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PIB da Agricultura: 0.50 %
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PIB da Indústria: 23.70 %
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PIB dos Serviços: 75.80 % |
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Taxa de Inflação: 2.10 % |
População na Pobreza: 17.00 %
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Taxa de Desemprego: 4.70 %
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Turismo: 25,394,000.00 Visitantes em cada ano
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Consumo por menos 10%: 2.10 %
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Lucro em dólares: $881,400,000,000 USD
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Consumo por mais de 10%: 28.50 %
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Despesa em dólares: $951,000,000,000 USD
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Produção Eléctrica: 369,900,000,000 kWh
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Exportação de Energia Eléctrica: 3,000,000,000 kWh
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Consumo de Electricidade: 346,100,000,000 kWh
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Importação de Energia Eléctrica: 5,100,000,000 kWh
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Produção Eléctrica por Fonte:
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Produção de Energia Fóssil: 73.26%
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Produção de Energia Nuclear: 22.97%
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Produção de Energia Hídrica: 1.46%
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Produção de Outra Energia: 2.31%
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Produção de Petróleo: 2,393,000,000 barris por dia
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Produção de Gás Natural: 102,800,000,000 cu m
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Consumo de Petróleo: 1,722,000 barris por dia
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Consumo de Gás Natural: 95,150,000,000 cu m
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Exportações de Petróleo: 1,498,000 barris por dia
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Exportações de Gás Natural: 15,750,000,000 cu m
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Importações de Petróleo.: 1,084,000 barris por dia
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Importações de Gás Natural: 2,700,000,000 cu m
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Reservas de Petróleo: 4,500,000,000 barris
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Reservas de Gás Natural : 628,600,000,000 cu m
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Dívida Externa: $7,107,000,000,000 USD |
Recebido em Ajuda Económica: $0 USD
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Doado em Ajuda Económica: $7,900,000,000 USD
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Produtos Agrícolas: cereals, oilseed, potatoes, vegetables; cattle, sheep, poultry; fish
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Indústrias Principais: machine tools, electric power equipment, automation equipment, railroad equipment, shipbuilding, aircraft, motor vehicles and parts, electronics and communications equipment, metals, chemicals, coal, petroleum, paper and paper products, food processing, t
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Taxa do Crescimento Industrial: -1.90 %
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Total de Importações em Dólares: $483,700,000,000 USD - manufactured goods, machinery, fuels; foodstuffs
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Parceiros de Importação: Germany 12.8%, US 8.7%, France 7.1%, Netherlands 6.6%, China 5%, Norway 4.7%, Belgium 4.6%, Italy 4%
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Total de Exportações em Dólares: $372,700,000,000 USD - manufactured goods, fuels, chemicals; food, beverages, tobacco
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Parceiros de Exportação: US 15.1%, Germany 10.5%, France 8.9%, Ireland 7.3%, Netherlands 5.5%, Belgium 5%, Spain 4.4%
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GINI Index: 36.80%
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Número de Trabalhadores: 30,070,000
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Trabalhadores por Ocupação: agriculture 1.5%, industry 19.1%, services 79.5%
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Estações de Rádio: 653 |
Número de Pessoas com aparelhos de rádio: 84,500,000 |
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Estações de Televisão: 228 |
Número de Pessoas com Televisores: 30,500,000 |
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Número de Pessoas com Telefones: 32,943,000 |
Número de Pessoas com Telemóveis: 61,091,000 |
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Servidores de Intenet: 4 |
Utilizadores de Internet: 37,800,000 |
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Código Internet do País: .uk |
Jornais: 329 |
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Código do País em Duas Letras: UK |
Pesos e Medidas: |
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Código de Telefone do País: 44 |
Electricidade em Volts: 230 Volts |
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Sistema de Telefone: general assessment: technologically advanced domestic and international system
domestic: equal mix of buried cables, microwave radio relay, and fiber-optic systems
international: 40 coaxial submarine cables; satellite earth stations - 10 Intelsat (7 Atlantic Ocean and 3 Indian Ocean), 1 Inmarsat (Atlantic Ocean region), and 1 Eutelsat; at least 8 large international switching centers
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Auto-Estradas: 387,674 km |
Caminhos-de-ferro: 17,156 km
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Oleodutos: 32,832 km |
Rios e Canais Navegáveis: 3,200 km
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Aeroportos: 334 |
Heliportos: 11
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Veículos a Motor: 476 por 1000 pessoas |
Emissão de CO2: 546,390,000 Toneladas Métricas de CO2 por ano |
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Emissão de CO2 por capita: 8.80 Toneladas Métricas de CO2 por ano |
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Marinhas Mercantes: total: 449 ships (1000 GRT or over) 11,049,317 GRT/11,731,680 DWT
by type: bulk carrier 24, cargo 54, chemical tanker 50, container 146, liquefied gas 17, passenger 9, passenger/cargo 65, petroleum tanker 33, refrigerated cargo 17, roll on/roll off 26, vehicle carrier 8
foreign-owned: 215 (Australia 3, Denmark 46, Finland 1, France 4, Germany 76, Greece 7, Ireland 1, Italy 4, Netherlands 3, Norway 36, NZ 1, South Africa 5, Spain 1, Sweden 15, Switzerland 3, Taiwan 1, Turkey 2, US 6)
registered in other countries: 368 (Algeria 13, Antigua and Barbuda 7, Argentina 4, Australia 2, Bahamas 69, Barbados 5, Belgium 2, Bermuda 9, Brazil 1, Brunei 8, Cape Verde 1, Cayman Islands 10, Cyprus 6, Denmark 1, Finland 1, French Southern and Antarctic Lands 1, Georgia 4, Gibraltar 4, Greece 9, Hong Kong 43, India 1, Indonesia 2, Italy 3, South Korea 2, Liberia 41, Malta 8, Marshall Islands 12, Morocco 1, Netherlands 19, Netherlands Antilles 3, Norway 6, Panama 37, Papua New Guinea 6, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 13, Singapore 9, Slovakia 1, Spain 1, Thailand 2, Tonga 1)
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Portos: Hound Point, Immingham, Milford Haven, Liverpool, London, Southampton, Sullom Voe, Teesport
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População: 60 tipo de pessoa - nacionalidade |
Percentagem de Nascimentos: 10.71 nascimentos em cada 1000 pessoas |
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Densidade Populacional: 243.00 pessoas por km2 |
Percentagem de Mortes: 10.13 mortes em cada 1000 pessoas |
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Crescimento populacional: 0.28% por ano |
Percentagem de Fertilidade por Mulher: 1.66 bébes nascidos em cada mulher |
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População Masculina : 0-14: 5 |
População Feminina: 0-14: 5 |
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População Masculina 15-64: 20 |
População Feminina 15-64 : 19 |
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População Masculina 65+: 4 |
População Feminina 65+: 5 |
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População 0-14: 17.50% |
Percentagem de Alfabetização: 99.00% |
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População 15-64: 66.80% |
Percentagem de Alfabetização Masculina: 99.00% |
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População 65+: 15.80% |
Percentagem de Alfabetização Feminina: 99.00% |
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População Masculina: 48.50
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População Feminina: 51.50% |
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Esperança Média de Vida nos anos de Nascimento: 78.54 anos |
Taxa de Mortalidade Infantil - morte de bébes em cada 1000 nascimentos: 5.08 Morte de bebés em 1000 nascimentos |
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Esperança Média de Vida nos nascimentos Masculinos: 76.09 years |
Esperança Média de Vida nos nascimentos Femininos: 81.13 years |
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Taxa de incidência SIDA/HIV: 0.20%
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Número de pessoas com Sida ou HIV: 51,000
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Número de pessoas que morreram com SIDA: 0 |
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Risco de Doenças:
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Doenças:
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Migração Net em cada 1000 pessoas: 2.18
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Nacionalidade: BRITISH
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Grupos Étnicos: white (of which English 83.6%, Scottish 8.6%, Welsh 4.9%, Northern Irish 2.9%) 92.1%, black 2%, Indian 1.8%, Pakistani 1.3%, mixed 1.2%, other 1.6% (2001 census)
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Idioma Principal: English
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Outros Idiomas: English, Welsh (about 26% of the population of Wales), Scottish form of Gaelic (about 60,000 in Scotland)
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Religião Principal: Anglican and Roman Catholic
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Outras Religiões: Christian (Anglican, Roman Catholic, Presbyterian, Methodist) 71.6%, Muslim 2.7%, Hindu 1%, other 1.6%, unspecified or none 23.1%
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Ramos: Army, Royal Navy (includes Royal Marines), Royal Air Force
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Mão-de-Obra Militar em forma para o Serviço : 16 anos
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Mão-de-obra Militar Disponível: 28,636,462 Pessoas
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Mão-de-Obra Militar em forma para o Serviço : 23,602,161 Pessoas
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Quantidade de Mão-de-obra Militar disponível: 0 Pessoas por ano
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Despesas: $0 USD por ano
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Despesas como percentagem do PIB: 2.40
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Nota: Phrasebase utiliza fontes variáveis quando junta factos e informação presente em cima. Essa informação continuamente actualizada durante o ano.
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Reino Unido Directório de Spa e Resort
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Reino Unido Trocas de Casa
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Reino Unido Aluguer de Apartamentos e Villas para Férias
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Reino Unido Informação da Cidade - Jogo de Ganhar Dinheiro
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